Detailed explanation of cytokines: interferon, the virus defender 1. What is interferon? Interferon (IFN) is the earliest discovered cytokine. It is a class of proteins produced by the body's cells when infected by viruses or other pathogens and has multiple biological func
01 Background Heart failure (HF) refers to a series of complex clinical syndromes such as cardiac circulatory disorders caused by impaired contractile and/or diastolic functions of the heart, which cannot fully discharge venous return blood from the heart, leading to blood congestion in the v
Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease is a general term for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, which refers to ischemic or hemorrhagic diseases of the heart, brain and systemic tissues caused by hyperlipidemia, blood viscosity, atherosclerosis, and hypertension. These diseases inc
1.Research Background Pulmonary fibrosis is a chronic, progressive lung disease characterized by the proliferation of fibroblasts and excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix, accompanied by inflammatory damage and structural destruction of lung tissue. This condition represents the end-sta
Over the past few decades, many efforts have been made in tissue engineering, with cell-based therapies covering nerve, bone, cartilage and heart tissue. In particular, stem cells have complex functions, including homing, exocrine capacity, signal transduction, and regeneration with low immunoge
1, The Past and present Life of interleukin There is a group of protein molecules in the human body that are unknown but play a vital role in the immune system. They are interleukins (IL), Interleukins are a type of lymphokine produced by a variety of cells and interacting between l
The comprehensive treatment of pancreatic cancer, mainly surgery, is not effective, and metastasis occurs early after surgery. The main cause of death from pancreatic cancer is metastatic disease caused by pancreatic cancer, and the most common site is the liver. Establishing a good ani
The nude mouse tumor model (Cell Derived Xenograft, CDX) is a commonly used tumor research model, which involves directly injecting tumor cells cultured in vitro into immunodeficient mice (usually nude mice, i.e. BALB/c-nu mice) to simulate the biological characteristics of human tumors, including t