Comet Assay: The "Comet" Under the Microscope – A Fascinating Experiment for Detecting DNA Damage When you hear "comet," you probably think of celestial bodies with long, glowing tails streaking across the night sky, or the European Space Agency's Rosetta mission. Bu
TNF-α: An In-Depth Analysis from Molecular Mechanisms to Clinical Applications Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-α) is a pro-inflammatory cytokine secreted primarily by macrophages and monocytes, with molecular weights of 17.4 kDa or 26 kDa corresponding to the C-terminal extracellul
Still Struggling with Protein Instability? A Guide to Prolonging the Lifespan of Your Proteins Proteins are delicate biomolecules whose stability is crucial for successful experime
The Heart's "Dedicated Detective": Understanding CK-MB to Safeguard Cardiac Health Within our bodies, the heart functions like a tireless pump. When myocardial cells are damaged due to ischemia, hypoxia, or other causes, intracellular contents are released into the bloodstream. CK-MB,
In the study of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's, a molecule named Tau protein remains a central focus of the scientific community. It acts as a "guardian" maintaining normal neuronal function but can transform into a "disruptor" causing neural damage under pathological conditions. Thi
Within the dynamic and complex battlefield of our immune system, responses are not limited to “attack” and “kill.” To maintain balance and prevent immune re
1. Respiratory Tract Infections Respiratory infections account for approximately 10% of global morbidity and mortality. In conditions like Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD),
Acute inflammation indicator - CRP:C-reactive protein (CRP) is a classic acute-phase reactive protein first identified in the blood of patients with Streptococcus pneumoniae infection. It is named for its ability to bind to the phosphocholine residue (Pch) of the C-polysaccharide in the capsule